Full Stack JavaScript Roadmap

JavaScript is one of the most popular programming languages, known for its versatility. It is used to develop websites, mobile applications, servers, as well as games and artificial intelligence.

If you dream of becoming a full stack JavaScript developer, this guide will help you identify the key steps and necessary skills. In it, we will tell you in order where to start, what tools to master and what topics to focus on the most, as they are asked in interviews.

Notations:

👍 — recommended technology for study.

💬 — this point is often asked in interviews.

Fundamentals

1. Git

Repository
Branch
Pull Request
Merge and Rebase
Merge Queue
Repository Strategies (Monorepo, Multirepo)
Branching Strategies
Git Flow

2. JavaScript programming language 💬

Strict and Sloppy modes
Data Types: boolean, number, string, object
Variables: var, let, const
Object
Function (function, function expression (unnamed function), arrow function)
Class
Async programming (async, await, Promise)
Generator
Exception handling (try catch finally, throw, Error)
Module
Symbol
Event Loop
Garbage Collector
Built-in objects
- Date
- Math

3. Concurrency

Thread
Atomic operations
Critical Sections
Mutex
Semaphore

4. Best Practices 💬

Principles (SOLID, DRY, KISS etc.)
Design Patterns
- Creational (Abstract Factory, Factory Method, Builder, Prototype, Singleton, Dependency Injection)
- Structural (Adapter, Bridge, Composite, Decorator, Facade, Flyweight (Cache), Proxy)
- Behavioral (Chain of Responsibility, Command, Iterator, Visitor, Unit of Work, Observer, Strategy)
- Concurrency
Architecture Design Patterns (MVC, HMVC, MVVM, MVP, VIPER)

5. Typing — TypeScript 👍💬

Interface
Types
Type operations
Class member access modifiers (public, protected, private)
Utility types
Generics
Mapped types
Conditional types
Type guards
Type asserts?
Namespaces
Declarations
Tuple
Infer
Enum
Using
Satisfy

Other technologies: JSDoc, Flow.

6. Package Management

package.json
node_modules and lock file
Workspaces
Patching
Technologies: npm 👍, pnpm, yarn, bun install 👍, deno
Monorepos (turborepo 👍, Nx)

7. Bundlers

bun bundler 👍
Vite 👍
Webpack 💬
esbuild
Turbopack
Parcel
Rollup

8. Development Tools

Linter (ESLint 👍, oxlint)
Formatter (Prettier 👍, Biome)
AI tools
- Chat: ChatGPT
- In editor: GitHub Copilot, Cursor
- In terminal: Cursor
- Frontend component generator: v0
- Full development cycle: ?

9. Algorithms and Data Structures 💬

Array
Linked List (one direction, two directions, looped)
Stack
Queue
Set
Map
Dictionary
Heap
Sort (Bubble, Selection, Insertion, Heap, Merge, Quicksort)
Clustering (k-means algroithm)
Search in list (linear search, binary search)
Search in graph (breadth-first search, depth-first search, Bellman-Ford algorithm, Dijkstras algrithm, AStar algorithm)
Data compression (run-length encoding, Huffman coding)
Page rank
Tower of Hanoi

10. OS

Process
Thread
Memory
- Static
- Stack
- Heap
File System

11. Networking 💬

Socket
IP
TCP
UDP
HTTP
TLS/SSL
DNS
WiFi
REST
RPC
WebSocket

12. Processes

Development
Testing
Fixing and Debugging
Refactoring
Performance Improving

13. Testing 💬

Functional testing
Non-functional testing
Unit testing (jest 👍, bun test 👍, mocha)
- AAA (arrange, act, assert)
- F.I.R.S.T Principles
Integration testing
E2E testing (Cypress 👍, Playwright, WebdriverIO)
Benchmark
Stress testing
Load testing
TDD
BDD

14. CI CD 💬

Quality Gates
Virtualalization and Virtual Machines
Containerization and Containers
Technologies: GitHub Actions 👍, Jenkins 👍, BuildMaster.
Docker Ecosystem 👍
- Docker
- Docker Compose

15. Access control 💬

Identification, Authentication, Authorizaton
Schema
JWT based
Cookies based
SSO
OAuth (v1, v2)
OpenID (OpenID Connect)
Session
Auth0
Access token, Refresh token
Crypt

16. Additional

Text Editors or IDE (VS Code, WebStorm)
Date and Time (Date API 👍, Temporal API 👍, date-fns 👍, date-js, moment)
Configs (lib ''config)
Schema Validators
Data Formats (JSON, YAML, TOML, XML)
Regular Expressions
Functional Programming
Reactive Programming
Programming domains
- Frontend
- Backend
- Shell Scripting (bun shell, zx)
- Terminal (inteaction: inquirer, vorpal; styling: chalk; components: progress)
- Abstract Syntax Tree
- Task Scheduler
Python in JS

Frontend

1. Layout

HTML
- Semantic HTML
CSS
CSS Preprocessors (SASS 👍, PostCSS)
Media
- Image (jpeg, png, webp)
- Icons
- Font
- Video (webm)
- Audio

2. Browser Env API

Web API
DOM (Native Rendering)
PWA
Cache
View Transition API

3. Rendering

React 👍
Vue
Angular
Preact
Lit
Svelte
Solid
Qwik
HTMX
Vanilla
Atomic Design

4. React-based Server Side Rendering

Next.js 👍
Remix 👍

5. State Managers

Redux
Zustand 👍
MobX

6. Advanced Features

Forms and Validation
Animations (CSS transition, CSS animation, native JS animation, JS library animation (framer motion 👍, GSAP), lottie 👍) (anim types: event-based (hover, click, in view), scrolling, infinity, appear, disapear, anim chains)
Charts (Rechart, chart.js, plotly.js)
Drag and Drop
Virtual Scroller
URL-based state
Themes (color schemes) (next-theme)
Text Editor
Geo Map
Accessability
Internationalization
Localization
Video and Audio
2D
3D (WebGL, ThreeJS👍)

7. Mobile Rendering

ReactNative 👍
React Ionic
Tauri

8. Desktop Rendering

Tauri
Electron

9. Additional

SPA, MPA
WebAssembly
Markdown
SEO
UI\UX

Backend

1. Server Env API (Runtimes)

Node 👍
Bun 👍
Deno
JavaScript Engine (V8, JavaScriptCore etc.)
Module Resolution

2. Servers

Express
Fastify
Nest.js 👍
OpenAPI
Swagger

3. Databases

PostgreSQL 👍
MS SQL
MongoDB 👍
Redis
Neo4j
Index
Transaction (ACID)

4. ORMs

Drizzle 👍
Sequelize 👍
Prisma
TypeORM
knex

5. Popular Tasks

Payments
Mailing
File download and upload

Soft Skills

1. Development Methodologies

SCRUM
SAFE
Kanban

2. Soft Skills

Code Review
Requirments
Team Playing
Team Leading

Conclusions

Mastering Full Stack JavaScript takes time, dedication, and practice. It is important to understand that the path to professional level is not fast. Learning the basics of the language, mastering frameworks, developing projects, and constantly updating your knowledge will take months, and possibly years.

Take your time: focus on each step, laying a solid foundation for further development. Constant practice, participation in real projects, and interaction with the community will help you grow as a developer. Remember that success comes to those who do not rest on their laurels. Good luck on your journey to mastery in Full Stack JavaScript!